[et_pb_section bb_built=”1″][et_pb_row][et_pb_column type=”2_5″][et_pb_text _builder_version=”3.25.4″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”text_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” text_text_shadow_vertical_length=”text_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” text_text_shadow_blur_strength=”text_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” link_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”link_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” link_text_shadow_vertical_length=”link_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” link_text_shadow_blur_strength=”link_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”ul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” ul_text_shadow_vertical_length=”ul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” ul_text_shadow_blur_strength=”ul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”ol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” ol_text_shadow_vertical_length=”ol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” ol_text_shadow_blur_strength=”ol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”quote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” quote_text_shadow_vertical_length=”quote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” quote_text_shadow_blur_strength=”quote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length=”header_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length=”header_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength=”header_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” z_index_tablet=”500″]
El cantante y guitarrista fallece a los 88 años dejando un legado de grabaciones míticas del género, como ‘Chega de saudade’, ‘Garota de Ipanema’ o ‘Corcovado’
www.elperiodico.com | Por Jordi Bianciotto
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La canción ‘Chega de saudade’, bálsamo contra la añoranza, había sido grabada primero por Elizete Cardoso, pero fue a través del canto sigiloso de João Gilberto y de su toque de guitarra cómo se convirtió en algo distinto, alumbrando una nueva estética musical. Comenzaba así a esbozarse, en 1958, la bossa nova, un género definido tanto por sus autores primigenios, con António Carlos Jobim y Vinicius de Moraes en cabeza, como por el talante suave e innovador que le imprimió Gilberto, el primero de sus intérpretes.
João Gilberto, fallecido este sábado en su casa de Río de Janeiro a los 88 años de una causa no divulgada, representa la quintaesencia de la bossa nova con su voz de “cantante resfriado”(así le tacharon en sus inicios) y su ‘batida’ de guitarra. En lo vocal, Gilberto bebía del ‘cool jazz’ y del estilo cálido y preciso, sin ‘vibrato’, de un Chet Baker. En las seis cuerdas, esbozaba armonías audaces y abría espacios de libertad de un modo que asombró a Jobim. Su estilo representaba una ruptura con la samba-canción imperante.
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Trilogía bautismal
Bahiano de la localidad de Juazeiro, que le vio nacer el 10 de junio de 1931, se estableció en Río, donde en 1959 publicó su álbum bautismal, ‘Chega de saudade’, con mayoría de composiciones ajenas (Jobim, Lyra, Barroso) y un par de propias, ‘Hô-ba-la-la’ y la juguetona ‘Bim bom’. A ese disco siguieron otros dos más igual de determinantes, dando lugar a una trilogía fundacional de la bossa nova: ‘O amor, o sorriso e a flor’ (1960, que incluía ‘Samba de uma nota só’ y ‘Corvocado’) y ‘João Gilberto’ (1961, con otra perla: ‘Insensatez’).
Aquella música comenzó a seducir a audiencias estadounidenses selectas: en 1962, Gilberto actuaba en el neoyorkino Carnegie Hall ante un público en el que figuraban Miles Davis, Dizzy Gillespie y Tony Bennett. Pero fue dos años después cuando el disco ‘Getz/Gilberto’, encuentro con el saxofonista Stan Getz, quien ya había flirteado con la música brasileña de la mano de Charlie Byrd y Luiz Bonfá, precipitó un fenómeno popular. Un parto conflictivo: Gilberto, tipo temperamental, de cambios bruscos de humor, despreciaba a Getz y se lo hacía saber, y la grabación prosperó gracias a las acrobacias diplomáticas de Jobim.
El productor del álbum, y dueño del sello Verve, Creed Taylor, se la jugó cuando suprimió la parte vocal del guitarrista en ‘The girl from Ipanema’ (la versión del ‘single’) y dejó solo la voz de su (por poco tiempo) esposa Astrud, una cantante no profesional. Un acierto: el ‘hit’ fue fulminante. Gilberto contrajo en aquella época segundas nupcias con Miúcha, cantante y compositora con la que tuvo el primero de sus tres vástagos, Isabel, la también artista Bebel Gilberto.
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La nueva generación
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La bossa nova abrió una refinada cuña en los gustos del público anglosajón en una década, la de los 60, dominada por el pop. Gilberto se atrevió con los boleros, como ‘Bésame mucho’, en un álbum grabado en México en 1970, que vino seguido de otras obras sustanciosas: ‘João Gilberto’ (1973, con ‘Águas de março’) y ‘Brasil’ (1981, encuentro con Caetano Veloso, Maria Bethânia y Gilberto Gil). Aún en el año 2000, un Gilberto casi setentón publicaba una alta obra, ‘João, voz e violão’, en la que hizo suya una brillante pieza, ‘Desde que o sambe é samba’, de Veloso, productor del disco.
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Ese fue el álbum que presentó en el que fue su muy tardío primer concierto en Barcelona, el 11 de julio del 2000 en el Teatre Grec. Una noche de intensidad poco menos que mística, donde su voz y su guitarra desnudas hipnotizaron al público y solo se las tuvieron con el insolente canto de un grillo que por poco desconcentra al maestro. Noche exquisita, como la del 9 de julio del 2003 en el Auditori. João Gilberto se acercaba a su fundido escénico, ya que sus últimos conciertos fueron en el 2008, antes de que su nombre salpicara la prensa a propósito de deprimentes conflictos familiares y problemas económicos y de salud. Nada que pueda eclipsar el magnetismo de su obra.
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